PSG has now won the prestigious cup on fourteen different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and secure a fourth straight French Super Cup title.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the match between the French league champions and the French Cup holders after Ousmane Dembele opened the net in the opening stages.
However, Marseille fired twice in the closing moments to take a surprise advantage. First, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital leveler in the dying seconds to force the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, saving decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all converted with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing penalty win.
The record champions PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the last thirteen seasons.